2006年4月　紙パ技協誌

Clonal Plantation of Eucalyptus globulus
- Selection of Plus Trees and Trial Plantation -

Kazuya Ito
Forestry Research Institute, Research & Development Division, Oji Paper Co., Ltd.

　Oji Paper has established over 135,000ha of hardwood plantation overseas to secure its own resources in accordance with environmental conservation. Forestry Research Institute has established its branches in July 2002 in Australia where there are four plantation projects, to improve their productivity of hardwood plantation sites mainly by pursuing clonal forestation with plus trees. Firstly, candidates of the plus tree were selected by growth characteristics (height, diameter, stem form and so on) from several plantation sites where there are much difference in rain fall and edaphic condition. It is very important to improve not only growth but also wood quality from the view point of increasing pulp quantity produced from a unit area of plantation. Therefore, analysis of wood quality has been carried out to get plus trees with superior wood quality as well as growth. It was clearly shown that there were great differences of basic density among selected trees with better performance of growth. Trial plantation has been established at two sites in August 2004 using plus trees with better performance of growth and wood quality to study environmental variation.

The Latest Energy Saving Process for Secondly Fiber Treatment
- The Energy Saving Possibility with Newly Developed Technology -

Kazumi Fujita
Aikawa Iron Works Co., Ltd.

　The Pulping, the Screening, and the Refining section. These three sections need especially big energy consumption in a secondly-fiber treating process. Aikawa Iron Works developed new facilities in these three sections which would be keys for global energy-saving needs. In this paper, we would like to explain these new facilities & system and introduce the energy-saving possibility.

New Modified Starch for Surface Size Press

Tetsuya Murayama
Research and Development Laboratory, Oji Cornstarch Co., Ltd.

　The characterizations of new modified starches for surface size press were indicated in this report. The starches named GRS series were decrease of retrogradation, and sizing degree of paper coated with GRS series was become higher than with oxidized starch.
　As a result, size pressed paper with GRS series improved surface strength of paper.

Removing Paper Machine Bottlenecks with Targeted Rebuilds
- Recent Topics for Rebuilds of Headbox, Former and Press Sections -

Hidehiko Yamazaki
Metso SHI Co., Ltd.

　Rebuilding an existing paper machine is often a very profitable way for papermakers to increase the cash flow created by an older paper machine. Metso Paper has placed particular emphasis in recent years on developing concepts and products specifically for rebuild needs. The outcome of this work can now be seen as a wide selection of products offering quite possibly the best coverage of all time of specific improvement targets. Different needs can be addressed through truly different solutions. Selecting the best-fit alternatives will offer great upgrade options for all paper machines and paper grades.
　Metso Paper’s long experience with high-speed paper machines has been put to good use to create more cost-effective small and mid-sized solutions with the reliability and quality of bigger and faster paper machines.
　In this paper, some of the most interesting and latest configurations available today for rebuilds of wet part area, especially headbox, former and press sections are discussed.

The Advanced Effluent Treatment System in Paper Mill
- Introduce of WSR Subsystem -

Takayuki Suzuki and Junichi Miura
Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.

　To achieve an optimal process performance 3 key elements are vital: First, the proper arrangement of water loops, Second, the removal of ash and colloidal contaminants (e.g. micro stickies). Third, an up-to-date reject handling system for effective preparation of rejects and residuals for incineration (for landfill) in order to meet the standard environmental interface for a modern plant. We can provide you with specifically engineered integrated subsystem for Water, Sludge and Reject-handling from a single source, customized to meet your needs as an upgrade or for a new paper mill.
　In this time, we introduce Water, Sludge, and Reject system and unique machines.

System of Wet-end Chemicals for Neutral Papermaking

Noriyuki Okada
Sales/Paper Chemicals, BASF Japan Ltd.

　Neutral papermaking tends to increase. Increase of pH involves adverse affects such as drop of size degree, increment of foam in white-water or increase of pitch problem. Therefore, existing chemicals for acid papermaking must be reviewed to redesign optimized system of wet-end chemicals for neutral papermaking.
　Innovative wet-end sizing agent “PMD”, originative retention / drainage system and effective fixation system are introduced for neutral papermaking in this report.

Design of Internal and Surface Sizing Agent Corresponding to Various Papermaking Conditions

Hiroshi Nakagawa
Paper Chemicals Division, Arakawa Chemical Industries, Ltd.

　In the paper industry recent years, it advances toward the direction where use of recycled paper increases from the resource conservation and the rise of the concern to the environment.
　Recently, it is thought that a decrease in the quality of recycled paper used for domestic consumption is advanced from the thing that the recycled paper export ratio to foreign countries has risen.
　On the other hand, the amount of water used for papermaking is also advanced to go more closed from the environmental burden and the cost side. As a result, the development of the chemicals that demonstrates an excellent effect for such a change is demanded from the thing that is the environment that the chemicals for the extraction paper of the rise of white water electric conductivity and an increase of the number of anion impurities, etc. doesn't demonstrate the effect easily.
　Surface sizing agent performance is controlled by the effect of sizing of so on the internal sizing agent is understood, moreover, it is pointed out to cause the problem (It bubbles, and dirt) in operation etc. in the surface sizing though the effect corresponded to the defect by increasing the amount of use.
　In this lecture, the influence of the effect on internal and surface sizing agent and the design for sizing agent correspond to these changes are described.

Development of Cationic Colloidal Silica Treated with Amino-functional Silane for Ink Jet Paper

Mitsuru Ishii, Toshio Kakui, Masao Ishiguro and Sayaka Sato
Chemicals Research Laboratories, Lion Corporation

　Colloidal silica is well known as nano-particle, which is used for the photo like paper for ink jet printing. Cationic colloidal silica having positive ζ-potential was obtained by treating the anionic colloidal silica with the amino-functional silane. By using three types of colloidal silicas, anionic colloidal silica and cationic colloidal silicas with the amino-functional silane and aluminium oxide, the performance of them for ink jet paper was investigated. In particular, the pigment inks did not run on the paper coated with the cationic colloidal silica having the amino-functional silane. It seems that the pigment ink having negative ζ-potential strongly adsorbs on the cationic colloidal silica by electrostatic interaction.

A Study on Print Gloss of Double Coating

Yoshihiko Hattori, Hiroshi Nakamori and Noriko Kitamura
Latex Research Center NIPPON A&L

　　In our previous paper we found out the porosity of under coating affected the formation of top coating and consequently had some influence on the print quality of double coated paper. This time further investigation was done to clarify the mechanism of print gloss development and ink setting property of double coated paper.
　The behavior of ink vehicle was studied and it was found that vehicle of the ink printed on double coated paper penetrated into under coating through top coating, i.e. the ink holdout of under coating directly affected the ink setting property of double coated paper. On the other hand the print gloss of double coated paper increased with the smoothness of coating surface.
　Based on these results, optimal coating design of double coated paper, which provides high print gloss and good ink setting property, was discussed.

A Summary and Operation Experience of Biomass-boiler in Nakoso Mill

Katsuya Furukawa
Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.

　The energy supply facilities of this factory were a heavy oil boiler and diesel generation facilities conventionally. They depended on fossil energy. From the viewpoint of reduction of an energy cost and discharge hold-down of CO2, We planned switch to biomass energy. We started driving of a biomass boiler in September, 2004.
For this factory, there was not the operation experience of a boiler turbine set. Furthermore, we were inexperienced for a main boiler of the factory which assumed a small piece of wood fuel. However, we were able to operate facilities by cooperation of an operator and a plant maker on schedule.
　Fuel of this biomass boiler is a small piece of wood and coal, but now uses only a small piece of wood. In addition, an original purpose is achieved by operation of a biomass boiler and now operates it without a problem.

Reports on the 6th Pira International Sizing Conference and the Chemical Engineering Laboratory of Complutense University of Madrid

Tomohisa Gondo
Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
Akira Isogai
The University of Tokyo

　The 6th Pira International Sizing Conference was held on December 12-14, 2005, in Madrid, Spain. The conference had nineteen papers concerning internal and surface sizing and about 100 participants. Five presentations were from Universities, one was from partly governmental institute, and others were from chemical and paper industries. After the conference, the authors had a chance to visit laboratories of Professors Blanco and Negro, Chemical Engineering, Complutense University of Madrid. The outline of the Pira Conference and the professors’ laboratories are then introduced in this paper.

Report of the International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies
(PACIFICHEM 2005)

Gyosuke Meshitsuka
The University of Tokyo

　Pacifichem 2005 was held in Hawaii, USA from December 15 to 21, 2005 and more than 11000 scientists including 5600 from Japan participated from Pan-pacific countries. Among 223 sessions organized during the conference, at least 5 sessions were related to the chemistry of biomass resources and plant organic polymers. At the Session of “Materials, Chemicals and Energy from Forest Biomass”, 62 papers including 19 poster papers were presented.

Effect of Harvesting Time and Stem Height Position on Kenaf Bast Pulp Yield, Viscosity and Fiber Length

Wiwin Suwinarti and Kazuhiko Sameshima
Kochi University, Faculty of Agriculture

　Kenaf variety Tainung-2 and Everglades-41 were planted in May 2003 and harvested at 80, 116 and 153 days after seeding. Kenaf bast fiber was treated by sequence treatments of ammonium oxalate, sodium hydroxide and acidic sodium chlorite (A) and acidic sodium chlorite, ammonium oxalate and sodium hydroxide (B). The agronomic characteristics, pulp yield, viscosity and fiber length were measured. The result showed pulp yield, viscosity and fiber length was affected by harvesting time. The pulp of 153 days after seeding gave much higher pulp yield and viscosity but shorter fiber length than those of 80 and 116 days after seeding. The higher stem position has lower pulp yield and viscosity but longer fiber length. This study also confirmed that the method A is the best method for high viscosity bast pulp production while the method B is the best method for fiber length preservation and higher pulp yield.

Keywords: Kenaf bast fiber, harvesting time, stem height position, pulp yield, viscosity, fiber length.

Elastic Stress Analysis for Case (Square Tubular Panel) of Corrugated Fiber Board Box Shape under Uniform Compression at Center in Upper and Lower Edges

Satoru Matsushima
Guest Professor, Research Center of District Corporation, Ehime University
Shigeo Matsushima
Professor Emeritus, Ehime University

　An elastic stress formulation was expressed for the square tubular case (CFBS: anisotropic panel) of the corrugated fiber board box shape (width L, height h) under uniform compression py0 at centers in upper and lower edges. Then from this formulation the stress analysis is performed, and maximum values (

xmax,

ymax,

xyma,

1min and

1max) for normal stresses

x and

y to width and height directions and shear stress

xy, principal stress

1 and principal shear stress

1 were obtained and characteristic behaviors for

xmax,

ymax,

xymax,

1min and

1max were discussed.
　Rates of values

ｘ and

xy for the anisotropic case to the isotropic are about

xyEx/Ey and

ymin/(

ymin－

xmin) respectively. Ex and Ey are elongational elastic module in width and height directions and

xy is Poisson's ratio (strain effect for height direction normal strain to width direction normal strain). Positions of

ymin and

1min are in the loading range of upper and lower edges and are independent of the case shape change, and

xymax and

1max change as be at positions of distance L/2 ±Δx from corners in upper and lower edges with increases of L and the loading range.