JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALVol. 58, No.2
February 2004 Abstracts
Introduction of Advanced Metso Paper Technology into China
Hidehiko Yamazaki
Metso-SHI Co., Ltd.
@Recently Chinese paper industries have been showing rapid development, in
which Japanese papermakers have a serious interest. While the paper
and board demands in advanced countries including Japan seem to
have reached ceiling level, the paper and board demand in China
still shows rapid increase. Total production of paper industries
in China in 2002 was 37.8 million tons, which showed 8.4 % increase
compared to that a year before. Although new machines were installed
in China year by year, the domestic demand of paper and board is
expected to keep increasing due to further economic growth and
large population of potential consumers.
@ Metso Paper has a regional company in Beijing, Service Technology
Center in Wuxi and Valmet-Xian as a joint-venture company in
Xian, which enhance Metso Paperfs business, production and customer
service in China. Recent noteworthy point is that the world first
OptiConcept machine was installed and started up in Nanping,
China earlier than in European countries, and achieved satisfactory
results.
@ In this paper, the future prospect in Chinese paper industries
and representative paper machine technologies delivered by Metso
Paper are described.
Treatment of Anionic Trash and Improved etention/Dewatering-Improved Productivity of Paper Making-
Keiji Suruga, Jiayi Chen and Takashi Saigusa
Kurita Water Industries Ltd.
@Recently high usage of recycle fiber and coated broke, proceeding
mill closure, causes the papermaking conditions to have been
getting worse. It includes Anionic Trash that causes pitch trouble
on paper machine. Anionic Trash reduces the performance of retention/
drainage aids. As a result production rate and runnability of
paper machine is decreased.
@ This paper presents the new approach for improvements of productivity
of paper making that the treatment of Anionic Trash is combined
with OPTI system (which is dual polymer retention/ drainage
system developed by Kurita).
Closed System of Papermaking Machine and Wet-end Condition
Shigeru Kurose, Koichi Tadaki and Munetoshi Yamaji
Chemicals for Pulp & Paper Div. Technical Dept., Somar Corporation
@Strong world-wide interest on environmental concern in pulp
and paper industry, and acceleration for white water closed
system for paper making process cause number of problems in
paper making process.
@ Neutral conversion of papermaking, higher use of de-inked
pulp from recycled paper and higher content of coat broke
makes built up of micro-biological slime, and pitch and
anionic trash build up in the system due to lower effectiveness
of Alum. Retention and drainage of wet-end operation will
be affected as well as physical properties of paper such
as physical strength and sizing degree which may be reduced.
All these are related to deposit in papermaking system.
These troubles cause operational problem which result to
production slow down. Variety of chemicals is used to control
these problems, which will accelerate deposit built-up because
of high dosage of chemicals for system closure. It creates
vicious circle.
@ Somarfs long experience in controlling microbiological
deposit using slimecide "MICROCIDE", and capturing
pitch and anionic trash using wet-end control agent "REALIZER",
offers total control approach on machine deposit problem
caused by white water closure. This paper describes several
proposals on how to improve machine operation.
Wet End Chemistry and On-line Measurements
Hitoshi Nagao, Shigeru Motegi
Pulp and Paper Research Laboratory, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
@The importance of wet end chemistry is increasing, due
to the trends of high speed paper making. The stability
of wet end process can be achieved when agglomeration and
adsorption, which are the most important phenomena, are
controlled well. Therefore, all measurable parameters that
explain the condition of the wet end system should be maintained
at the appropriate levels. Most of these parameters used
to be measured by the off-line systems, however, recently
several on-line measurement systems have been developed
and they make it possible to monitor the change of the
wet end.
@ In this paper, we present details of the recent online
measurement systems, which have strong relation to the
wet end chemistry, such as retention meter, cationic
demand analyzer, and zeta potential analyzer with fundamentals
and the examples of the measurements. Additionally, MOAS,
entrained air analyzer , and slime monitor will be simply
introduced.
The Improvement of Production Efficiency by
Stabilized Wet End
Tatsuya Sato, Masato Higashiyama and Keiichi Satou
Mitsubishi paper mills limited
@The fundamental of stock preparation is consistent supply
of homogeneous and adequate stuff to the paper machine.
Recently the control of consistency and flow rate, grade
changeability and production stability were remarkably
progressed.
@ However, we are still facing the fluctuation of drainage
and first pass retention (FPR) at the wire part.
@ In this paper, we present a summary of test results
of On-line Charge Measurement at our 7PM for the stabilization
of wet end.
@ From the trails, it was recognized that the charge
of coated broke can be controlled by the addition
of coagulant and it improved drainage and FPR. However,
the coagulant dosage without monitoring the charges
of the systems would result in the instability of
the systems.
@ Consequently, to get the reliable improvement of
operation by charge control, the On-line Charge
Measurement can be used as an effective sensor.
Operating Experience of POM System
Takeshi Shirao
Kasugai Mill, Oji Paper Co., Ltd.
@The PM4 at Kasugai lill, Oji Paper, has been introduced
the POM system and in operation since March 2002,
in order to improve the efficiency of small batch
production. In this system, conventional white water
silos and seal pits are replaced by POM pumps and
their small supply tanks, which have centrifugal
de-aeration function, consequently total volume
of the wet end system could be notably reduced.
As a result, we could expect reduction of time for
grade change and inhibition of sliming in the wet
end system.
@ At the PM4, the loss time for grade change including
significant variation of color and ash content
has been cut down by up to 47% compared with that
of the conventional system. In addition, shut
down for cleaning attributed to slime in the wet
end system has been reduced. This report describes
the outline, operating experience, and the benefit
of the POM system.
Operating Experience of High Pulp Consistency Ozone ECF Bleaching
Shuuichiro Mochizuki
Nichinan Mill, Oji paper Co., Ltd.
@High pulp consistency ozone ECF bleaching plant
was started up at Nichinan mill in 2002. This
bleaching system is the first one in Japan. The
operation is now stable through the solution of
a couple of troubles during starting stage.
@ Since we found that the pulp consistency and
pH would be effect on the reaction efficiency
on ozone stage, they have been carefully controlled
as key factors.
@ The bleaching cost of ozone ECF has been slightly
increased than before. This difference corresponds
nearly to the electricity cost for oxygen and
ozone generation.
@ There would be almost no difference on pulp
quality between ozone ECF and chlorine bleaching.
The paper quality and runnability of paper
machine seems to be same in both cases.
@ The content of AOX and chloroform in effluent
has been remarkably reduced, by >90% and >99%.
Automatic Sheet Creating Unit for Sticky Contamination Monitoring
Mineo Hashiba
Yufutsu Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Mitsuhiro Sugino
Technical & Engineering Div., Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
@Nippon Paper Industries Yufutsu Mill reinforced
new DIP process to increase the rate of recycled
paper for newspaper production. The new DIP
process can use old magazine for the main
materials. By increasing the rate of DIP,
and the rate of old magazine, sticky contamination
trouble carried from these materials was
worried. For this reason, Sticky Contamination
Analyzer (SCAN-U) was introduced in order
to grasp change of the sticky contamination
in DIP stock.
@ SCAN-U automatically collects the sample
from each process of DIP and creates the
sheet which can be measured to count the
sticky contamination. Using this unit,
the measurement of the sticky contamination,
and the flat screen treatment which man
performed before, were simplified. Moreover,
by catching quickly change of the sticky
contamination, the quick action for the
quality control in the news paper production
is possible.
@ This report introduces the fundamental
mechanical contents of SCAN-U and the
operation experience at production plant.
Paper Counter Equipment
Takao Shimatsu
Nippon Paper Unitec Co., Ltd.
@This is the equipment which measures
the paper on a palette using CCD camera,and
counts the number of sheets of 200-micrometer
thick paper with high precision and high
speed.
@ By using this equipment you can expect
to cut down the number of workers in
the finishing process and to stabilize
the quality of the product.
The Fully Automatic System for the
Measurement of Dirt Count Characteristics
of Chemical Pulp
Nobuo Oikawa
Kitakami Mill, Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited
@For the purpose of the measurement
of dirt count characteristics in pulp
slurry, we developed the original system.
@ Our system is composed of a slit screen,
a dewatering unit, a circulation tank,
pumps, CCD-camera and software.
@ This system enables to measure a
large amount of pulp by automatic
operation, and has good reliability,
quick response, and accuracy. These
points are also discussed in this
paper.
Development of On-line Fiber Orientation Meter Based on the Light Guide Effect
Yuji Abe and Hidenobu Todoroki
Pulp and Paper Research Laboratory, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
@A new technique, based on the optical
property of fibers, has been developed
for the online measurement of fiber
orientation in whole layers of paper
sheet. Due to the light guide effect,
the focused circular light spot cast
on one side, the elliptical light
spot is observed on the opposite
side of paper. The shape of the elliptical
spot represents the fiber orientation
of paper.
@ A prototype sensor was assembled
and installed to the pilot coater.
The sensor using YAG-laser, which
has 7n second pulse width, can
successfully measure the fiber
orientation of paper running at
1000 m/min.
@ To downsize the sensor, we thought
laser diode (LD) was the hopeful
candidate as a light source, and
assembled the prototype sensor
using LD and optic fiber. Since
the size of the light spot must
be small for the reliable measurement,
it is very important to optimize
the diameter of the optic fiber.
It was found that Σ=60?m is small
enough for the focusing, and the
prototype using the optic fiber
and LD can measure the fiber orientation
of paper running at 1000 m/min
as well as the one using YAG laser.
Keyword : Fiber Orientation, On-line, Light Guide Effect, Laser Diode
Progressing Report by LCA /
Environmental Label
Working Group
Motoi Matsui
LCA / Environmental Label Working Group of Japan Paper Association
@In 1997, Japan Paper Association
organized LCA working group (WG)
within the technical and environmental
section to investigate the LCA
of pulp and paper manufacturing
along with the establishment of
LCA Society of Japan by the industry-university-nation
complex. WG was called LCA / Environmental
Label working group for type V
environmental label system in
1998. The works of WG are summarized
as follows.
(1) Report of LCI data for paper
and board production.
(2) Draft of the industrial guideline on paper and board products for type V.
(3) Propose of the simple calculation procedure of LCI for the production stage.
(4) Translation and examination of GHG calculation tools developed by NCASI (USA)
Surface Chemistry of Deinking Process- Effects of Nonionic Deinking Agents and Fatty Acids on Foaming Properties in Flotation Deinking of Old Magazine -
Shisei Goto and Takanori Miyanishi
Pulp and Paper Research Laboratory, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
@Foaming properties of pulp
suspensions of old magazine
(OMG) were investigated with
regard to dynamic surface tension
of pulp suspensions containing
deinking agents, and effects
of fatty acid Na salt addition
to nonionic deinking agents
on foaming properties were elucidated.
Dynamic surface tension of water
containing deinking agents was
measured by means of the maximum
bubble pressure method. An interfacial
rheometer was employed to measure
surface viscoelasticity of supernatants
of the pulp suspensions. The
obtained results showed that
OMG/ONP (old newsprint) mixtures
generated more foam in flotation
than ONP only, when the nonionic
deinking agents were used. Compared
with ONP suspensions, turbidity
of the OMG/ONP suspensions was
high due to the high amount
of ash content. Moreover, cationic
demand and static surface tension
of the OMG/ONP suspensions were
lower than ONP suspensions.
These results suggest that the
OMG suspensions are easy to
generate and stabilize foam,
and thus some deinking agents
having relatively low foam generation
and stability are required for
flotation deinking of OMG. Surface
tension measurements showed
that nonionic deinking agents
containing fatty acid Na salts
gave higher initial dynamic
surface tension of water, and
generated smaller volumes of
foam. In fact, the addition
of FA (a mixture of stearic
acid and palmitic acid Na salts)
and OA (oleic acid Na salt)
increased dynamic surface tension
of the OMG/ONP suspensions,
and decreased their foam volumes.
Furthermore, the addition of
FA to the nonionic deinking
agents increased surface viscosity
of the supernatants, and decreased
their surface elasticity. On
the other hand, the addition
of OA to the nonionic deinking
agents did not change surface
viscoelasticity of supernatants
of the pulp suspensions. These
results implied that the mechanism
of the decreased foam volume
was different between FA and
OA due to the difference of
their solubility in water and/or
solid-liquid interactions in
pulp suspensions.
Keywords: deinking agent, dynamic surface tension, foam, OMG, surface viscoelasticity
The Evaluation of Paper Sludge (PS) for Zeolite Synthesis(Part 3)-Weekly Change of Chemical Composition of PS and the Aptitude for Zeolite Synthesis-
Takao Ando, Masato Saito, Shigeo Muramatsu and Kimio Hiyoshi
Fuji industrial research institute of Shizuoka prefecture
Junsuke Haruna, Naoto Matsue and Teruo Henmi
Department of agriculture, Ehime Univ.
Osamu Shimada
Gakunan daiich cooperation of paper manufacturing association
@In the case of zeolite synthesis
from paper sludge, PS ash, it
is necessary to investigate
its chemical and mineralogical
stability.
@Our previous study showed
that the suitability of PS
ash for zeolite synthesis
remarkably depended o nn the
CaO content of PS ash.
@The relationship between
CaO content (x) and XRD intensity
(y) assigned to zeolite,
Z index, was found as y=-0.36Ln
(x)+1.33. Less than 21.5%
of CaO content was suitable
for zeolite synthesis, on
the contrary, more than 28.8%
content was not suitable.
When the content was in the
range between 21.5% and 28.8%,
hydroxyl sodalite was dominantly
synthesized. The fairly well
linier relation between the
atomic ratio of Ca to Si,
XCa/Si, and Ca to Al, XCa/Al,
was found, that is, XCa/Si/XCa/Al0.86`0.97.
The mineralogical ratios
(talc, kaolinite and calcite)
of representative PS ashes
were determined by the normative
method and ideal mineralogical
composition ranges for zeolite
synthesis were summarized
in talc-kaolinite-calcite
triangle figure. PS ashes
were classified into 4 types
of mineralogical composition
ranges. The ranges (A) and
(B) were suitable for the
zeolite synthesis and ranges
(C) and (D) were not suitable.
The PS ashes in the ranges
(A) and (B) never changed
into the rage (C) and (D)
for 5 days.
@In this study, we investigated
the weekly change of PS
ashes mixture gathered from
16 paper mills, which compose
a cooperative association
for the PS disposal in Fuji
city of Shizuoka prefecture,
for 4 weeks. The PS ashes
unsuitable for the zeolite
synthesis contained less
than 10% of the ash fraction
and more than 30.6% of CaO.
We compared the chemical
composition of PS ashes
mixture discharged from
the association with the
calculated chemical composition
excluding the above unsuitable
PS ashes. As a result, the
following conclusions were
obtained.
@ Even if the unsuitable
PS ashes for zeolite synthesis
are excluded from PS ashes
mixture, the chemical composition
will scarcely changes.
A PSfs discharged from
the paper mills that are
manufacturing the paper
products including a lot
of kaolinite are suited
for zeolite synthesis.
B To obtain zeolite more
easily for industrial
purpose, it is desirable
only to use the PS involving
much kaolinite.
Keywords: zeolite, paper sludge, calcite, talc, kaolinite
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